Mew Gull Larus canus canus; heinei; kamtschatschensis; brachyrhynchus

(last update: March 12, 2012)

Mew Gull (Larus canus) sub-adult / 3rd cycle-type: September - December

Mew Gull is a widespread species on the northern hemisphere with several sub-species: in N America brachyrhynchus, in W Europe nominate canus, in W Asia and Russia heinei and in the Far East sub-species kamtschatschensis.
The American race brachyrhynchus is a breeding bird of Alaska, the American West coast and inland Canada. After the breeding season, it disperses south along the coast to California. Brachyrhynchus can be readily told from nominate canus, and therefore sometimes considered a full species: Mew Gull. The differences can be found in the bill (in some birds obviously small), but most in plumage.
Nominate canus is a common breeding bird in North Europe, wintering both in the breeding area and slightly south, to the northern coast of the Mediterranean. 
The race heinei breeds from White Russia eastwards to central Mongolia, in a broad band over the tundra region of inland U.S.S.R. It can be found wintering in the central Asian states, southern Black Sea and Caspian Sea and further south to the Persian Gulf. Part of the eastern population of heinei may follow a more eastern route to the coast of China.
Race kamtschatschensis breeds in eastern Siberia and, as the name indicates, Kamtschatcha. In winter it moves southwards along the coast, wintering in Japan, the Korea's and China. It is the largest race, almost as large as Herring Gull.  The description below largely follows from P.J. Grant: "Gulls, a guide to identification".

   

3CY Mew Gull

Mew Gull has a partial moult in spring. It starts in February and is completed by April, leaving birds in so-called "second summer" plumage. The head turns white, with only a few dark markings in some birds. The small primary tips wear off and the black areas turn paler, brownish.

From early summer to October, a complete moult will bring birds in so-called "third winter" or "adult winter" plumage. The head is white with spots, most densely in the hind-neck. The under-parts, tail-coverts and rump are white. The upper-parts are medium grey, with broad white fringes on the tertials. The third generation primaries and later the adult primaries have a clear-cut black triangle on the outer-wing. Black sub-terminal markings run down to P6 or P5. From P1-P9 the primaries show extensive white tips and the two mirrors on P9 and P10 are obvious (there may even be a small mirror on P8). The iris is brown, the bill is yellowish with a faint black bill-band and the legs are yellowish, greenish or greyish, often with a flesh-coloured hue.
In adult winter, brachyrhynchus develops only diffuse head streaking, creating a diffuse grey head and no dark bill-band, whereas canus often has the head strongly mottled or streaked and often develops a full bill-band in winter. Furthermore, the iris in brachyrhynchus is paler, sometimes clear yellow.

 

"brachyrhynchus" Mew Gull 3CY Sept - December

Mew Gull brachyrhynchus 3rd cycle-type (3CY), December 07 2013, Pt. La Jolla, San Diego Co., CA. Picture: Gary Nunn.

"canus" Mew Gull 3CY September - December

adult Common Gull (63404 bytes)Mew Gull canus 3cy NOS 5158953 October 07 2007, Etaples - Boulogne/Mer, France. Picture: Jean-Michel Sauvage.
adult Common Gull (63404 bytes)Mew Gull canus J6EN 3CY, December 22 2015, Equihen, France. Picture: Jean-Michel Sauvage.
2cy Common Gull (77401 bytes)Mew Gull canus A25K 1st-2nd cycle (1CY-3CY), November 2014 - December 2016, Grou, the Netherlands. Picture: Ruurd Jelle van der Leij & Mars Muusse.
adult Common Gull (63404 bytes)Mew Gull heinei 3cy NLA 3.722.778 December 26 2010, Leiden, The Netherlands. Picture: Maarten van Kleinwee.
adult Common Gull (40233 bytes)Mew Gull canus 3rd cycle type (adult?), December 16 2016, Katwijk aan Zee, the Netherlands. Broken band on P4 and some black on P3.
Mew Gull canus sub-adult, November 26 - December 02 2016, Grou, the Netherlands.
Mew Gull canus sub-adult, November 26 2016, Grou, the Netherlands.
Mew Gull canus sub-adult, December 02 2016, Grou, the Netherlands.
Mew Gull canus sub-adult, November 30 - December 02 2016, Grou, the Netherlands.
Mew Gull canus sub-adult, November 26 2016, Grou, the Netherlands.
Mew Gull canus sub-adult, December 01 2016, Grou, the Netherlands.
Mew Gull canus sub-adult, November 26 2011, Grou, the Netherlands. Picture: Ruurd Jelle van der Leij.

"heinei" Mew Gull 3CY September - December

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"kamtschatschensis" Mew Gull 3CY Sept - December

Mew Gull kamtschatschensis 3rd cycle-type (3CY), November 23 2010, Choshi, Chiba Prefecture, Japan. Picture: Seichoudoku.
Mew Gull kamtschatschensis sub-adult (3rd cycle - type), November 24 2012, Choshi, Japan. Picture: Seichoudoku.