As long as immature coverts and tertials appear in the upper-parts, identification directly points to 3cy LBBG (e.g. pronounced black shaft streaks, spaghetti pattern in the coverts, club patterns on the outer lesser coverts in the carpal edge). When the upper-parts appear all grey, LBBG may not be aged so easily. But still the primaries may be indicative for 3cy: the primary tips are very limited, often absent on P7-P10. P10 normally shows a white mirror, but this mirror is reduced to a relatively small spot and often not reaching to the feather edge. Another strong clue advocating 3cy are the retarded old second generation primaries. If P10 is still present, this P10 is very abraded, bleached and lacks of course the P10 mirror. See for instance those -near- arrested moults in image 13, 14, 15, 19 and 20. Another feature can be seen in preening birds or birds stretching the wings, the outer secondaries may show some spaghetti pattern. The fresh tail feathers often show black markings, especially on the outer webs. Finally, the bare part coloration may point to immaturity, with extensive black on the bill (a clear bill-band), the basal half of the bill black or pinkish, the legs pinkish yellow and sometimes an off-yellow iris.