third calendar year: June


Last update of this page: 28-09-05 22:52

Second summer (third calendar year) LBBG normally show a grey saddle on mantle and scapulars. In almost all birds, some of the coverts have been moulted into 3rd generation. Sometimes the entire median covert row has been replaced, creating a grey bar. There seems to be small variation in birds of this age class. The feathers showing most variation are the rectrices; it might be anything from a clear tail-band, spaghetti pattern, black-and-white variegated pattern to a complete snow white tail (although close examination often reveals small black spots near the feather centre). Most advanced individuals seem to be slightly darker and more elongated; they probably originate from intermedius populations. Note however that a bird ringed in Norway has been recovered in the Maasvlakte colony, where it actually bred. Dutch colour rings have been found in Scandinavia in reverse.

A detailed description of  3cy LBBG in June:

Mantle and scapulars:
By June, adult-like grey feathers replace brown-hued old scapulars, probably at least for the 3rd time, resulting in a 4th generation scapular region. Some old scapulars show a faint anchor pattern on a brown base.

The moult of coverts:
By June, only the minority of 3cy LBBG starts moulting the median coverts. New 3rd generation coverts are easily recognized as grey adult-like feathers. The old retained 2nd generation feathers (plus the few 3rd generation which were required in the last autumn moult) at least show some brown in the centre and a white fringes, though the exact pattern gets lost by wear (see e.g. image 2).

The tail-feather moult
2nd generation tail (49741 bytes)
The exact rectrices-moult is often difficult to ascertain. Most commonly seen at this age is a worn 2nd generation tail, i.e. a tail with black marks or tail feathers with a broad black tail-band. Only a few birds are actively moulting tail-feathers, starting with the innermost pair (R1, these are the feathers most exposed to sun and weather conditions). About 30% of 3cy LBBGs has moulted one or more pairs of tail-feathers last winter, giving them the blocked pattern of black and white feathers. This winter moult in the tail involved rectrices randomly, creating an unpredictable black and white tail in spring.

The remiges moult
2nd generation wing (93485 bytes)
At the start of June some birds have already shed p1, while at the end of June most birds have p2 replaced and p4 shed. New 3rd generation primaries are very adult-like (adult-grey with white tip) and differ clearly from the plain black-brown 2nd generation primaries. 
The differences with real adult primaries can be found in the tips which are normally smaller in 3rd generation primaries, p9 lacks a mirror, p10 has a smaller mirror and there is an extensive amount of black on p3 and p4 (more than on pure adult primaries and it's not unusual to find a complete sub-terminal band on p4 in 3rd generation primaries, where adults have the black markings on p4 confined to the outer web). 
Often the 3rd generation outer primaries are brown hued, another sign of immaturity (but these features don't apply on June LBBG of course: p9 and p10 are full-grown in November). Older birds show more blackish p5-p10 (the age effects the feathers: old feathers are stronger, making the effect of bleaching and wear less obvious).

By June, the old 2nd generation p10 is half a year of age and shows an obvious white shaft, creating a broad white centre in a pale brown feather, on the underside of p10. There is no active moult in the secondaries yet.

Tables:

 
Primary moult score in 3cy LBBG at Maasvlakte, the Netherlands, June 17 2002. Total n: 25
p1 old 1
p2 old 4
p3 old 6
p4 old 9
p5 old 5

 

3cy graellsii LBBG in June, ringed in the Netherlands. (100728 bytes)LBBG graellsii C00 3cy June 18 2005, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Picture Ruud Altenburg.
3cy graellsii LBBG in June, ringed in the Netherlands. (92536 bytes)LBBG graellsii C73 3cy June 18 2005, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Picture Ruud Altenburg.
3cy graellsii LBBG in June, ringed in the Netherlands. (135385 bytes)LBBG graellsii 5.41x.031 3cy June 12 2005, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Picture Ruud Altenburg.
3cy graellsii LBBG in June, ringed in the Netherlands. (88149 bytes)LBBG graellsii 5.412.128 3cy June 25 2005, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Picture Ruud Altenburg.
3cy graellsii LBBG in June, ringed in the Netherlands. (85566 bytes)LBBG graellsii 5.412.152 3cy June 12 2005, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Picture Ruud Altenburg.
3cy intermedius in June, ringed in Norway. (64435 bytes)LBBG intermedius J1E7 3cy, June 24 2003, IJmuiden, the Netherlands. Ringed in Norway.
Photo 1: LBBG 3cy, June 17 2001, Missouriweg, Maasvlakte, the Netherlands. The tail is entirely old with a broad sub-terminal band. The common 3cy LBBG by June.
Photo 2: LBBG 3cy, June 17 2001, Missouriweg, Maasvlakte, the Netherlands. Note the dark iris.
Photo 3: LBBG 3cy, June 17 2001, Missouriweg, Maasvlakte, the Netherlands. Some 3cy loose all the black markings on the bill.
Photo 4: LBBG 3cy, June 17 2001, Missouriweg, Maasvlakte, the Netherlands. Again, almost no black on the bill.
Photo 5: LBBG 3cy, June 26 2001, Bergen op Zoom, the Netherlands. The most common under wing pattern in 2nd summers. Bare part coloration typical for 3cy. In the tail, new feathers appear completely white.
Photo 7: LBBG 3cy, June 17 2001, Missouriweg, Maasvlakte, the Netherlands. An individual with advanced covert moult, but with very black primaries.
Photo 8: LBBG 3cy, June 17 2001, Missouriweg, Maasvlakte, the Netherlands. Although showing very black primaries, there are no mirror and no tips on the primaries.
Photo 9: LBBG 3cy, June 16 2001, Missouriweg, Maasvlakte, the Netherlands. An individual, very much like the widespread 3cy LBBG as they can be found in the Netherlands.
Photo 10: LBBG 3cy, June 16 2001, Missouriweg, Maasvlakte, the Netherlands. Note the bleached outer primaries and the advanced moult in the upper parts, with many grey feathers, resembling a 4cy LBBG in some respects.
Photo 11: LBBG 3cy, June 16 2001, Missouriweg, Maasvlakte, the Netherlands. It's hard to exclude 4cy LBBG but taking the primaries as conclusive for ageing such a bird, it certainly is a 3cy.
ARRESTED PRIMARY MOULT IN 3CY

2261.jpg (50391 bytes)LBBG intermedius 3cy, June 28 2003, Dannes - Boulogne/Mer, NW FRance. P1 4th generation, P2-P3 missing, P4-P7 3rd generation, P8-P10 old 2nd generation. 

LBBG intermedius(?) 3cy, June 30 2001, IJmuiden, the Netherlands. Very advanced 2nd summer: almost all upper parts moulted and arrested moult in the primaries.